Internal sizing mechanism



July 26, 1949. N M. H. ARMS ,5

I INTERNAL SIZING MECHANISM Filed June 2, 1945 Y 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 July26, 1949.

M. ARMS I INTERNAL SIZING MECHANISM 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 2, 1945July 26, 1949. M. H. ARMS INTERNAL SIZING MECHANISM 5 Sheets-Sheet sFiled June 2, 1945 Patenied July 26 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEINTERNAL SIZING MECHANISM Merton H. Arms, Springfield, Vt., assignor toBryant Chuoking Grinder Company, Springfield, Vt, a corporation ofVermont Application June 2, 1945, Serial No. 597,346

7 Claims. 1

This invention relates to internal sizing mechanism and has for anobject to provide a mechanism which will facilitate the internal sizingof work to very great accuracy.

A sizing gage capable of measuring internal sizes with very greataccuracy comprises a hollow stem having orifices along its sides, thisstem when supplied with air under pressure and inserted within the workshowing on a suitable indicator operatively connected thereto sizevariations much magnified to the millionth part of an inch.

In accordance with the present invention the hole in the work is gagedby such an instrument somewhat before the hole reaches the desired finalsize. The gage is then placed in a variable size orifice which is somounted as to be gradually opened as the tool, such as a grinding wheel,is fed into the work, the size of the orifice being first adjustedrelative to the feeding mechanism until the indicator registers the sameas it did when gaging the work. This indication will show the extent offeed necessary to bring the work to the desired size, and as the feedco-n-' tinues up to that point, the gage, remaining in the variableorifice which continues to open as the feed continues, registers nearerand nearer to the desired indication. The indicator and the feedmechanism may be checked against each other, and when close to thedesired point, the actual size of the hole may be checked again with thegage, and if necessary the feed and orifice may be further adjusteduntil the work is brought to final size. 3

For a more complete understanding of this in vention, reference may behad to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a fragmentaryfront elevation of an internal grinding machine equipped in accordancewith this invention.

Figure 2 is a detail sectional scale on line 2-2 of Figure 1. t

Figure 3 is a detail sectional view on line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a detail sectional view scale on line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figures 5 and 6 are detail sectional views on lines 5-5 and 6-B,respectively, of Figure 4.

Figures 7 and 8 are diagrammatic views showing the work piece andorifice in corresponding conditions, the gage being shown in full linesin the work and in dotted lines in the orifice, Figure 8 .showing thework nearer to final size than Figure 7, the difference, however, beingmuch exaggerated.

to a larger view to a larger v This invention is shown as embodied in aninternal grinding machine of the type shown in the Arms Patent No.2,310,338, granted February 9, 1943, for Metalworking machine.

This machine comprises a bed I having a hollow axially movable bar 2 towhich is secured a carriage 3 which supports an internal grinding wheel5. This wheel '5 is mounted on a spindle ii journaled in a grinding headI on a cross slide 8, but for the purpose of this invention the head 7is given no lateral motion, but is merely moved axially with the bar 2.The work to be ground at it is carried by a suitable chuck I I on arotary spindle 42, this spindle being carried by a work head on acarriage l5 supported for motion transverse to thebar 2, and a feedmotion between the wheel and the work is produced by this motion of thecarriage l5. As shown in the Arms patent, to which reference has beenmade, and as shown in Figure 2, this feeding motion is produced byrotation of a nut 2|] on a screw 2|, the screw being held againstrotation by a stationary clamping collar'Zla. The nut 20 has a wormwheel portion 22 with which meshes a worm 23 on a feed shaft 24. Theforward end of the screw 2| has a head 25 which bears. against anabutment screw 26. threaded in a plug 28 carried by an apron 29depending from the front edge of the carriage [5, suitable means beingprovided,

such as a spring (not shown), for holdin the abutment 26 into contactwith the forward end of the screw 2|. Thus as the nut 20 is rotated, thescrew is moved axially and the carriage It moves correspondingly. Theright hand end of the worm shaft 24 is provided with a feed wheel 35 towhich is connected the automatic feed including an hydraulicallyoperated rock lever 36 as shown in the Patent No. 2,310,338 to whichreference has been made. However, it is desirable, at least for thefinal portion of the grinding, that a finer feed be produced with theclose tolerances sought for in accordance with this invention, so thatthe feed is accomplished by hand and through rotation of a hand wheel3'! journaled on a shaft 38 and connected to the gear 35 through thesmall gear 40 keyed to the hand wheel 3?, and an idler 4| journaled onthe stub shaft 42, and meshing with the large gear 35. The automaticfeed may be used, if desired, for the rough sizing.

For the purpose of measuring the hole in the work when the grindingwheel is retracted, an air gage may be employed, this air gagecomprising a hollow stem 50 shown in Figure '7 provideo with lateralorifices 51. This stem is in- 3 serted into the work as shown in theupper portion of Figure 7, and air under pressure is directed to theinterior of the stem to escape between it and the inner wall of thework. The change in pressure of the air, due to variations of the spacebetween the stem and the interior of the work, is registered on anindicator shown generally at 52 in Figure 1 and which maybe mounted onany suitable part of the machine. The particular gage shown is one madeby Sheffield Corporation, of Dayton, Ohio, and per se is not myinvention. A pointer 53 takes a position along a scale 54 correspondingto the size of the hole in the work when the gage stem is placed thereinand the indications are graduated in very small fractions of an inch;such as millionths. I 1 JV I In order to employ the gage in accordancewith this invention, a variable orifice, the size of which varies inaccordance with the feed position of the carriage l5,,is employed, asshown in Figure 2; This orifice is formed betweena fixed or stationarymember 60 sec'uredtu the bed of the machine as by screws 5| carriedlby afixed bracket 62 and a movable member .64 fulcrumed as on a leaf spring63' to thefixed member 6%. This member 64 extends adjacent to the memberso ahd'the confrontingfaclesiof the members at and G l remote from thefulcrum spring 63 are formed to have secured thereto opposed elements 65and l a (it recessed opposite to each other to form an orifice 61variable in width in accordance with the relative positions betweenthemembers til and 5d; These elements 65 and 6B are adjustabh clamped inposition by the clamping blocks 68,

and screws as; and are arranged to be removable so'tnat otherelementsdefining orifices of different basic sizes may be appliedthereto as desired; Themovable member 6A4 carries a screw it whichextends freely throu h a hole H in the memberwfifl midway between the,axis of the orifice and the fulcrum spring 63 and abuts against the endof a shaft 12 journaled in the plug 28 and having its inner -end, as atI5, threaded therei'nto; ,This shaft. 12 with its threaded connection inthe block 28 provides an extensible connecting link ofadjustable lengthbetween the movablelmember 6A and the carriage l5. Keyed onth'e shaft12.is a worm wheel it with which meshes a worm 11 carried by a shaft 8'!:(s'ee Figure '3) jo'urnaled in a casing 88 which houses the outer endof theplug 23. One end of the worm shaft 251 "carriesa knurled head toby whichit ma} bejrotatid, thus to adjust the angular position of theshaft, 12 and through its threaded connection with the plug 23, theangular position of the 'niovable'member 64 relative to the fixed member60 and the lateral dimension of thevariable orifice for any givenposition of the work carriage 15.

V 1 With elements 65 afnd 68 chosen. in accordance withthe desiredinternal size of the work piece and placedin position, when the workpiece has been brought to near finished size, its internal diameterisfg'aged by inserting the gaging elemer t to me the wtr 'wmie the wheelis retracted, and the indication of the pointer 53 is noted,Thegag'eistem lfl is then removed from the work and a gage stem,preferably the same stem 50, though asecond similar stem associatedwiththe indicator'm'ight'be used, is placed within thevariab leforifi my the parts 55 and es With t air esca e p nfln'gs therein posinne lateallr. The lg rl ed wheel so is then adjusted to vary the'spacing of theupper ends of the members 64 and until the reading of the indicatorpointer 53 is the same as that shown by the indicator when the gage stemwas in the Work.

Grinding then proceeds while the work is fed slowly, this feeding actionnot only feeding the work relative to the grinding wheel, but alsocausing the orifice between theparts 65 and 65 to increase in sizedouble the extent of feed just as the hole in the work increases in sizeby double the amount of feed since this grinding wheel removes stock inall radial directions. As the gage stem is left in the orifice duringfurther grinding, the indicators pointer 53 shows progressively theamount by which the width of the orifice is increasing as the grindingproceeds, this corresponding to the increasing diameter of the hole inthe work, the feed of the carriage l5 not only feeding the work andwheel relatively but also widening the orifice.

The d mechan sm.lees eh s fi crometer graduations w e eas v'vli'ich canbe checked against the in, cations of the pointer 53 of the gage as thegrind gproceeds. If desired, when the work has been brought filrthertoward final size its internal siz e may be tested, again by insertingtr easqstern therein. This e s reading, my the??? ii againsitheindications on the feed wheelgand the indicatfns of the size of thvariable orificafter the stem has been returned thereto addition'aladjustment of the knurled wheel at being then made, if desired, untilfinally the work pieceis reduced to the desired dimension within thevery close tolerance limits required, n U f n I From theforegoingdescription of an antaciment of thisinvention it sh be evidentto those skilled infth rt that various changes and c o s mi t be mai swarrant, departin from the spirit or scope of this attr tion I claim: VH

1. In combination with agrinding machine having a support for internalwork, a grinding wheel, and means for feeding thewheel and supportrelatively, of asageinciuding a gag-ins ele" ment constructed to beinsertedinto an orifice and an indicator for indicating the size of suchorifice when such element-ls placeditherein, such a gaging lementbeing.arranged for insertion in t,- a hole to be ground in theworkimechanismv'defining an orifice of variable "size, means operativelyconnecting said mechanism and feeding means t increase the size of saidorifice in accordance with the feeding relation between the Work-support and wheel in the same relation the si e of the hole in theworkincreasesas the grind n operation proceeds, and means for adiustingthe size of said variableorifice'independently ofs aid feed mechanism topermit; fsaid orifice t be ad justed to give the same reading on-saidindicatcr when said element is therein-as whensuclji an-elementassociated with sai. indicator is within the hole in the work.

2. In combination with a grinding hi-he having as support forinternalwork; a 'g ndiifg wheel, means for rotating ssiawheerjmeais "forrelatively 'l nrqiing said wheel and work to cause said 'wheelto' rindaeylindiji a1v hbl. in'the 'tvork, saidjrelative moving means inc din gm'echahisrn for feedingthe heelfla dlwo "relativelyfiof a stationarymember, a nierriberstable relative to said stationary; member, ariaoperative 'c'one nections from said feed n mb li hi'sm to said movablemember to causethe '-i eed,ing actuation of said mechanism to move saidmovablenifhiier away from said stationary member, said members havingconfronting face portions oppositely recessed to form together anorifice variable in width in accordance with the feed position of saidmechanism, whereby said orifice increases in size as the size of thehole in the Work increases, the measurement of such orifice size thusgiving an indication of the hole size without requiring access to saidhole.

3. In combination with a grinding machine having a support for internalwork, a grinding wheel, means for rotating said wheel, means forrelatively moving said wheel and work to cause said wheel to grind acylindrical hole in the work, said relative moving means includingmechanism for feeding the wheel and work relatively, of a stationarymember, a member movable relative to said stationary member, operativeconnections from said feeding mechanism to said movable member to causethe feeding actuation of said mechanism to move said movable member awayfrom said stationary member, said members having confronting faceportions oppositely recessed to form together an orifice variable inwidth in accordance with the feed position of said mechain width as thesize of the hole in the work in- H creases, the measurement of suchorifice width giving an indication of the hole size without requiringaccess to said hole.

4. In combination with a grinding machine having a support for internalwork, a grinding wheel, means for rotating said wheel, means forrelatively moving said wheel and work to cause said wheel to grind acylindrical hole in the work, said relative moving means includingmechanism for feeding the wheel and the work relatively, of a stationarymember, a movable element hinged to said stationary member, opposedelements secured to said members and spaced from said hinge defining anorifice of variable width depending on the angular relationship betweensaid members, said movable member being biased toward said stationarymember, and operative COI'lIlBC tions between said movable member andfeed mechanism causing the spacing of said members to be controlled bythe position of said feed mechanism, whereby measuring of such spacingprovides a measurement of the size of the hole in the work.

5. In combination with a grinding machine having a support for internalwork, a grinding wheel, means for rotating said wheel, means forrelatively moving said wheel and work to cause said wheel to grind acylindrical hole in the work, said relative moving means includingmechanism for feeding the wheel and work relatively, of a stationarymember, a movable member, a leaf spring hinging said movable member tosaid stationary member, opposed elements secured to said members spacedfrom said spring and together defining an orifice of variable widthdepending on the angular relationship between said members, said movablemember being biased toward said stationary member by said leaf spring,

operative connections including an extensible link engaging said movablemember connecting said movable member and feed mechanism and causing thespacing of said elements to be controlled by the position of said feedmechanism, and means for adjusting the length of said link to therebyadjust the relation between the spacing of said members and the positionof said feed mechanism, measuring of the spacing of said memberproviding a measurement of the size of said hole.

6. In combination with a grinding machine having a support for internalwork, a grinding wheel, means for rotating said wheel, means forrelatively moving said wheel and work to cause said wheel to grind acylindrical hole in the work, said relative moving means includingmechanism for feeding the Wheel and work relatively, of a stationarymember, a movable member adjacent to said stationary member, a leafspring hinging said movable member to said stationary member at one endof each, opposed elements secured to said members spaced from saidspring and together defining an orifice of variable width depending onthe angular relationship between said members, said movable member beingbiased toward said stationary member by said spring, said stationarymember having a hole therethrough midway between said spring and theaxis of said orifice and transverse to the pivotal axis of said spring,a link extending loosely through said hole and engaging said movablemember, means adjustably securing said link to said feed mechanism, saidlink causing the spacing of said elements to becontrolled by theposition of said feed mechanism, and means for adjusting said securingmeans to adjust the spacing of said elements corresponding to a positionof said mechanism whereby measurement of such spacing provides ameasurement of the size of said hole.

'7. In combination with a grinding machine having a support for internalwork, a grinding wheel, and means for feeding the wheel and supportrelatively, of a gage including a gaging element constructed to beinserted into an orifice and an indicator for indicating the size ofsaid orifice when said element is positioned therein, such a gagingelement being arranged for insertion in a hole to be ground in the work,mechanism comprising a pair of members relatively movable from andtoward each other and defining between them an orifice of variable size,means for so relatively moving said members connected to said feedingmeans for simultaneous actuation therewith to increase the size of saidorifice between said members at the same rate as the size of the hole inthe work increases as the grinding operation proceeds, and means foradjusting said relative moving means independently of said feeding meansto permit said orifice to be adjusted to give the same reading on saidindicator when said element is therein as when such an elementassociatedwith said indicator is within the hole in the work.

MERTON I-I. ARMS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,198,613 Bright Sept. 19, 19161,516,124 Schlaupitz Nov. 18, 1924 2,275,141 Gurney et a1. Mar. 3, 1942FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 350,796 Great Britain June 18, 1931

